Do you mean hydroponics:
Hydroponics, from the Greek words (water-working). Hydroponics is a system of gardening without soil.
In hydroponics, you provide all the
nutrients to your plants through a water/
nutrient solution.
There are lots of ways to apply hydroponics but, basically, all of them supply nutrient solution directly to the plant's root system. In most cases you mix nutrients into water and feed this solution directly to your plants.
Soil doesn't make plants grow. It's just something for the plants to hold on to while they search with their roots for
the food and water that's mixed into the soil.
Since the food and water are randomly scattered about, plants have to use up energy growing ever-larger root systems to reach out in a constant search for these elements.
In a hydroponic garden, a soil-less, inert
growing medium is used and food and water are delivered directly to your
plants' roots.
Your plants grow quicker and harvest sooner because they can direct all their energy into the vegetation growing above the surface instead of the root system below it.
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